k8s-learning/k8s之安装与配置_单机_二进制.md

k8s之安装与配置_单机_二进制

环境

	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
Docker	18.06.3-ce
Kubernetes	v1.16.2
Etcd	v3.3.15

主机规划

主机名	IP	角色	安装应用
k8s-demo3	192.168.206.117	master	kube-apiserver/kube-scheduler/kube-controller-manager/etcd
k8s-demo3	192.168.206.117	node	docker/kubelet/kube-proxy

注: 以上为了说明master和node安装的应用区别才分开写,单机安装所有应用安装一起。

下载

非常重要: 下载安装包前请阅读 https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/release/notes/#dependencies

下载docker离线安装包

https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/

下载k8s

https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.16.md#downloads-for-v1162

下载etcd

https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/tag/v3.3.15

下载flanneld

https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases

安装前环境初始化

#防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
#selinux
vi /etc/selinux/config
将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled，wq保存退出

#关闭swap
swapoff -a
vi /etc/fstab
将swap那一行注释掉

#目录初始化
mkdir -p /etc/etcd/
mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd/
mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/
mkdir -p /var/log/kubernetes/
mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet/

#hosts
echo "127.0.0.1   $(hostname)" >> /etc/hosts

安装Docker

chmod +x ~/install_docker.sh
~/install_docker.sh docker-18.06.3-ce.tgz

部署 Master&Node 服务

# 安装命令
tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp ~/kubernetes/server/bin/{kube-apiserver,kube-controller-manager,kube-scheduler,kubectl,kube-proxy,kubelet} /usr/bin/
tar -zxvf etcd-v3.3.15-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp ~/etcd-v3.3.15-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /usr/bin/

etcd安装

#系统服务配置
cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service<<EOF
    [Unit]
    Description=etcd.service
    [Service]
    Type=notify
    TimeoutStartSec=0
    Restart=always
    WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd
    ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd \
    --name=ETCDServer \
    --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/ \
    --listen-client-urls=http://0.0.0.0:2379 \
    --advertise-client-urls=http://192.168.206.117:2379 
    [Install]
    WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

# 启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd.service --now
etcdctl cluster-health

kube-apiserver安装

#系统服务配置 
cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
After=etcd.service
Wants=etcd.service
[Service]
#EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/apiserver
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-apiserver  \
--etcd-servers=http://192.168.206.117:2379 \
--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 \
--port=8080 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.2.0.0/16 \
--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota
Restart=on-failure
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service --now
systemctl status kube-apiserver.service

kube-controller-manager安装

#系统服务配置 
cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
After=kube-apiserver.service
Requires=kube-apiserver.service
[Service]
#EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-controller-manager \
--master=http://192.168.206.117:8080 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.2.0.0/16
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service --now
systemctl status kube-controller-manager.service

kube-scheduler安装

#系统服务配置 
cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
After=kube-apiserver.service
Requires=kube-apiserver.service
[Service]
User=root
#EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-scheduler --master=http://192.168.206.117:8080
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service --now
systemctl status kube-scheduler.service

kube-proxy安装

#系统服务配置 
cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target
Requires=network.service
[Service]
#EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/proxy
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kube-proxy --master=http://192.168.206.117:8080
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#启动服务
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy.service --now
systemctl status kube-proxy.service

kubelet安装

#系统服务配置 
cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service<<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet \
--address=0.0.0.0 \
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 \
--enable-server=true \
--enable-debugging-handlers=true \
--fail-swap-on=false \
--kubeconfig=/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

#kubeconfig配置  
cat>/var/lib/kubelet/kubeconfig<<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Config
users:
- name: kubelet
clusters:
- name: kubernetes
  cluster:
    server: http://192.168.206.117:8080
contexts:
- context:
    cluster: kubernetes
    user: kubelet
  name: default
current-context: default
EOF


#加载/etc/kubernetes/kubelet中需要的docker镜像
docker load -i ~/pause-amd64.tar


#启动服务
swapoff -a
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet.service --now
systemctl status kubelet.service

验证

问题解决

问题1: 创建POD,kube-controller-manager组件提示“No API token found for service account "default", retry after the token is automatically created and added to the service account”

解决方法

#首先生成密钥
openssl genrsa -out /etc/kubernetes/serviceaccount.key 2048
#kube-apiserver添加参数
KUBE_API_ARGS="--service_account_key_file=/etc/kubernetes/serviceaccount.key"
#kube-controller-manager添加参数
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--service_account_private_key_file=/etc/kubernetes/serviceaccount.key"

问题2: 创建POD后 kubectl describe 查看提示"kubelet does not have ClusterDNS IP configured and cannot create Pod using "ClusterFirst" policy. Falling back to "Default" policy"

解决方法

#kubelet添加参数
--hostname-override=all